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Overview-
Acne is a skin disorder where hair follicle gets lodged with oil and dead skin cell. The sebaceous
glands secrete oils (sebum) to keep the skin moist. When the glands get clogged, it can lead to
pimples and cysts on face. Acne vulgaris is one the most frustrating experience typically
appears during puberty which may remain persistent leading to pimples and cyst on face. The
pimples heal slowly, and when one begins to go away, others seem to pop up.

Acne causes-
Hair follicles are connected to oil glands. Excess oil production due to increase in levels of
hormones which enlarges sebaceous glands, hair follicle gets clogged with oil and dead skin
cells, this gets inflamed by bacteria and causes bumps. Certain medications, carbohydrate foods
also lead to acne. Environmental factors and stress aggravate acne.

Types of acne-

Noninflammatory Acne
Blackheads (open comedones): Blackheads occur when a pore is clogged by a combination of
sebum and dead skin cells. The top of the pore stays open, despite the rest of it being clogged.
This results to appear black color seen on the surface.
Whiteheads (closed comedones):  unlike with blackheads, the top of the pore closes up. It
looks like a small bump protruding from the skin.
 
Inflammatory Acne
Pimples that are red and swollen are referred to as inflammatory acne. Although sebum and
dead skin cells contribute to inflammatory acne, bacteria can also play a role in clogging up
pores. Bacteria can cause an infection deep beneath the skin’s surface. This may result in
painful acne spots that are hard to get rid of.
 - Papules: Papules occur when the walls surrounding your pores break down from severe
inflammation. This results in hard, clogged pores that are tender to the touch. The skin around
these pores appears pink.

- Pustules: Pustules can also form when the walls around your pores break down. Unlike
papules, pustules are filled with pus. These bumps come out from the skin and are usually red
in color.